Past cable builders leveraged cable ownership to sell bandwidth, but content providers are building purposefully private cables. Google and Facebook are heavily invested in submarine cables compared to Amazon and Microsoft. 2016 saw the start of a massive submarine cable boom, and this time, the buyers are content providers - corporations like Facebook, Google, and Amazon. Historically, cables are owned by groups of private companies - mostly telecom providers. All told, there are more than 700,000 miles of submarine cables in use today. These unassuming cables crisscross the ocean floor worldwide, carrying 95–99% of international data over bundles of fiber-optic fibers barely the diameter of a garden hose. If you want to measure the internet in miles, fiber-optic submarine cables are the place to start. Now they’re using those billions to buy up the internet itself - or at least, the submarine cables that make up the Internet backbone. Google makes billions from their cloud platform. As a result, some graphics below under-represent Microsoft’s cable ownership. Specifically, Microsoft owns pairs (part ownership) on GTT North, GTT Express, and a number of other cables. We have ommited a number of cables where a content provider may be a major capacity buyer or own individual pairs as a smaller stakeholder. Note that this report is focused on cables listed by Telegeography’s open cable data as wholly or partly owned.
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